درس 7 – لغات ضروری تافل

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] appropriate [/responsivevoice]

adj. / correct or good for the purpose (مناسب، درخور، درست)
Syn. / proper

adv. appropriately / n. appropriateness

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] It is not appropriate to cheat on tests. [/responsivevoice] (این درست نیست که در امتحانات تقلب کنید.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] She was dressed appropriately in a suit for the job interview. [/responsivevoice] (او به طور طور مناسبی برای مصاحبه شغلی یک کت پوشیده بود.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] clarify [/responsivevoice]

v. / to make more easily understood, to make clear (روشن کردن، شفاف سازی کردن)
Syn. / explain

n. clarification

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] Chapter 2 in the textbook clarifies the process of osmosis. [/responsivevoice] (بخش دوم از کتاب درسی فرآیند اوسموسیس را روشن می کند.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] A clarification of the government’s position on this matter is necessary. [/responsivevoice] (شفاف سازی موضع دولت بر روی این موضوع ضروری است.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] conceal [/responsivevoice]

v. / to prevent from being seen or discovered (پنهان کردن، مخفی کردن)
Syn. / hide

n. concealment

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The students concealed their feelings about the course. [/responsivevoice] (دانش آموزان احساساتشان را در مورد این دوره مخفی می کردند.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] His concealment of the evidence made his case more difficult to prove. [/responsivevoice] (مخفی کردن مدارک توسط او پرونده او را برای اثبات پیچیده تر کرد.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] confirm [/responsivevoice]

v. / to make certain, given support (تصدیق کردن، تائید کردن)
Syn. / prove

n. confirmation / adj. confirmed

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The director confirmed that the meeting would be on the tenth. [/responsivevoice] (متصدی تائید کرد که جلسه روز دهم برگزار می شود.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] We have just received confirmation of your reservation on the flight to Los Angeles. [/responsivevoice] (زندگی خارج می تواند یک تجربه آموزشی باشد.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] constantly [/responsivevoice]

adv. / in an unchanging manner; happening all the time (دائما، به طور مداوم)
Syn. / continually

v. astound / adj. constant

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] Philosophy constantly questions the nature of human existence. [/responsivevoice] (فلسفه به طور مداوم طبیعت وجود انسان را مورد پرسش قرار می دهد.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The speed of light is constant at 186,000 miles a second. [/responsivevoice] (سرعت نور در 186هزار مایل در ثانیه ثابت است.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] convenient [/responsivevoice]

adj. / easy to reach, near; suitable to one’s needs (راحت، مناسب، به راحتی در دسترس)
Syn. / practical

adv. conveniently / n. convenience

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The student union is convenient to the physical sciences building. [/responsivevoice] (اتحادیه دانشجویی به راحتی از ساختمان علوم طبیعی در دسترس است.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] For the convenience of the student body, the library is located in a central location. [/responsivevoice] (برای راحتی جسمی دانشجویان، کتابخانه در مرکز قرار داده شده.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] core [/responsivevoice]

adj. / the central or most important part (هسته، اصل)
Syn. / chief

n. core

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The core of the curriculum consists of courses that are required of all students. [/responsivevoice] (هسته برنامه تحصیلی از دوره هایی تشکیل شده که برای همه دانشجویان اجباری است.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] They are loyal to the core. [/responsivevoice] (آنها به اصل وفادارند.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] critical [/responsivevoice]

adj. / very serious or requiring careful judgment; finding fault (انتقادی، بحرانی، وخیم)
Syn. / misleadingly

n. critic / n. criticism / v.critique / adv. critically

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] It is critical to follow the directions for the experiment exactly as the instructor
indicates. [/responsivevoice] (این بحرانی است که دستورات آزمایش را دقیقا انطور که آموزشیاد نشان می دهد انجام بدهید.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The runner accepted criticism from his coach very well. [/responsivevoice] (دونده نقد را از مربی اش به خوبی قبول کرد.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] distort [/responsivevoice]

v. / to change from the original shape or condition, usually in an unnatural way (تحریف کردن، اعوجاج ایجاد کردن)
Syn. / resolute

n. distortion / adj. distorted

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] Time and space are distorted when traveling at the speed of light. [/responsivevoice] (زمانی که با سرعت نور مسافرت می کنیم زمان و فضا اعواجاج پیدا می کنند.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] Distortion of the image from a microscope can be caused by low light. [/responsivevoice] (اعوجاج تصویر در میکروسکوپ می تواند به دلیل کم بودن نور اتفاق بیوفتد.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] diverse [/responsivevoice]

adj. / various; distinct from others (متنوع، گوناگون)
Syn. / Different

adv. diversely / n. diversity / v. diversify

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] Freud had many diverse interests in psychology. [/responsivevoice] (فروید علایق متنوعی در روانشناسی دارد.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The diversity of life forms on Earth makes zoology an interesting area of study. [/responsivevoice] (تنوع انواع زندگی بر روی زمین باعث می شود جاورشناسی یک رشته جذاب برای تحصیل باشد.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] prosperous [/responsivevoice]

adj. / successful, wealthy (موفق، کامیاب، خوشبخت)
Syn. / thriving

n. prosperity / v. prosper

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] In the early 1900s, San Francisco was a prosperous city. [/responsivevoice] (در ابتدای قرن 20 سان فرانسیسکو شهری موفق بود.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] Bacteria prosper under the proper conditions. [/responsivevoice] (باکتری ها در شرایط مناسب پیشرفت می کنند.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] purposefully [/responsivevoice]

adv. / done for a special reason (به طور هدفمند)
Syn. / deliberately

adj. purposeful / adv. purposely / n. purpose

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The course syllabus was designed purposefully to be easy to follow. [/responsivevoice] (سیلایس این دوره به طور هدفمندی برای راحتی در دنبال کردنش طراحی شد.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] He was authorized to spend the money for business purposes. [/responsivevoice] (او اختیار داشت که پول را برای اهداف تجاری خرج کند.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] reveal [/responsivevoice]

v. / to uncover, to expose (آشکار کردن، برملا کردن)
Syn. / disclose

adv. revealingly / adj. revealing / n. revelation

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The president revealed some of his ideas before he gave his speech. [/responsivevoice] (رئیس بعضی از ایده هایش را پیش از سخنرانی برملا کرد.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The report made some revelations about the nature of the conflict. [/responsivevoice] (گزارش برخی برملا سازی را در مورد ریشه جادله ایجاد کرد.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] scarcely [/responsivevoice]

adv. / almost not (به ندرت، ندرتا)
Syn. / hardly

n. scarcity / adj. scarce

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] The woman scarcely spoke a word of English. [/responsivevoice] (زن به ندرت واژه ای به انگلیسی می گفت.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] Due to a scarcity of water, a rationing plan was established. [/responsivevoice] (به علت کمیابی آب، یک طرح سهمیه بندی ایجاد شد.)

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] theoretically [/responsivevoice]

adv. / according to a reasoned, but not proven, point of view (از نظر تئوریک)
Syn. / hypothetically

v. theorize / n. theory / adj. theoretical

[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] His argument was theoretically appealing but not realistic. [/responsivevoice] (این بحث از نظر تئوریک جذاب است اما نه واقعی.)
[responsivevoice voice=”US English Female” buttontext=””] Leonardo da Vinci theorized that the Earth was not the center of the universe. [/responsivevoice] (لئوناردو داوینچی این تئوری را داد که زمین مرکز عالم نیست.)